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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(2): 461-470, Mar./Apr. 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1128377

ABSTRACT

Devido à ausência de estudos sobre capivaras na região Nordeste do Brasil, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a sanidade desses roedores de vida livre em três áreas dos biomas Mata Atlântica (2) e Caatinga (1) do estado de Pernambuco, por meio da determinação de parâmetros da hematologia e bioquímica sérica. De novembro de 2016 a dezembro de 2017, foram capturados 21 animais, dos quais foram coletadas amostras de sangue para avaliação hematológica (eritrograma, leucograma e plaquetometria) e bioquímica sérica (atividade enzimática, perfil proteico, energético e mineral). A maioria dos parâmetros esteve dentro dos valores de normalidade para a espécie, embora alguns apresentassem diferenças estatisticamente significativas de acordo com a área de estudo (hemoglobina, hematócrito, VCM, CHCM, eosinófilos, fosfatase alcalina, proteína total, albumina, ácido úrico, creatinina, lactato, sódio e magnésio) e o sexo dos animais (ácido úrico). Os parâmetros obtidos são apresentados como referência e atestam a sanidade e o bom estado nutricional de populações de capivaras nos biomas Mata Atlântica e Caatinga da região Nordeste do Brasil. As informações aportadas neste estudo pioneiro na região Nordeste contribuem para aumentar o conhecimento sobre a ecofisiologia e a conservação in situ de capivaras.(AU)


Due to the lack of studies about capybaras in the northeast region of Brazil, the objective of this study was to evaluate the health status of free-ranging capybaras in three areas of Atlantic Forest (2) and Caatinga (1) biomes in Pernambuco state, through the determination of hematological and serum biochemical parameters. From November 2016 to December 2017, 21 animals were captured and blood samples were collected for the hematological (erythrogram, leukogram and platelet counts) and serum biochemistry (enzymatic activity, protein, energy and mineral profile) evaluation. Hematological and serum biochemical parameters were within the normal range for the species, but some presented statistically significant variations according to the study area (hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCHC, eosinophils count, alkaline phosphatase, total proteins, albumin, uric acid, creatinine, lactate, sodium and magnesium) and sex of the animals (uric acid). The parameters obtained are presented as reference and attest to the health and good nutritional status of populations of capybaras in the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes of northeastern Brazil. The information provided in this pioneering study in the northeast region contributes to increased knowledge about the ecophysiology and in situ conservation of capybaras.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rodentia/blood , Biochemical Phenomena , Ecosystem , /methods , Hematologic Tests/veterinary
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(5): 1097-1104, set.-out. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-876992

ABSTRACT

A síndrome do navicular é uma condição que envolve o aparato podotroclear e representa uma das causas mais comuns de claudicação dos membros torácicos de equinos. Portanto, o estudo complementar da região reveste-se de grande interesse quando se refere ao diagnóstico e tratamento das claudicações dos equinos. O objetivo deste estudo foi demonstrar as diferenças dos achados imagenológicos entre a ultrassonografia e a tomografia computadorizada na avaliação das estruturas palmares do aparato podotroclear de equinos adultos e hígidos, bem como a descrição das estruturas observadas nas imagens obtidas com essas técnicas. Para isso, foram realizadas imagens de quatro peças anatômicas, as quais foram posteriormente seccionadas e utilizadas para a descrição anatômica. A utilização de peças anatômicas auxilia no conhecimento da anatomia normal, o que leva à melhor interpretação das imagens e aumenta a especificidade diagnóstica na detecção das alterações que as doenças acarretam. A ultrassonografia fornece informações relevantes quanto às estruturas estudadas, e sua associação com a tomografia computadorizada aumentou a acurácia da investigação. Apesar de o uso da tomografia computadorizada ser mais indicada para tecido ósseo, ela fornece informações importantes, podendo ser usada como uma ferramenta útil quando não se tem disponível a ressonância magnética em razão do custo ou da disponibilidade.(AU)


The navicular syndrome is a condition involving the podotrochlear apparatus and represents one of the most common causes of forelimb lameness in horses. Therefore, further study of this region is of interest when it comes to diagnosis and treatment of lameness in horses. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the differences between the imaging findings of ultrasonography and computed tomography in the evaluation of the palmar structures of the podotrochlear apparatus of healthy adult horses and description of the structures observed in images obtained with these techniques. For this, four images of four anatomical parts were performed, and subsequently sectioned and used for the anatomical description. The use of anatomical parts helps in the understanding of normal anatomy leading to a better interpretation of the images and increasing the specificity of the diagnostic for detecting changes that cause diseases. Ultrasonography provides relevant information about these structures to be studied and the association with computed tomography (CT) increased the accuracy of the investigation. Despite the use of CT being more suitable for bone tissue it provides important information and can be used as a useful tool when there is no available MRI.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Foot Bones/anatomy & histology , Foot Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Horses/anatomy & histology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary , Ultrasonics
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(4): 908-914, jul.-ago. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-876683

ABSTRACT

A estenose esofágica benigna é uma afecção rara em pequenos animais, comumente secundária a esofagites ulcerativas. O refluxo gastroesofágico, frequente durante procedimentos anestésicos, é a principal causa de esofagite grave, com consequente formação de cicatriz esofágica. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever dois casos de estenose esofágica ocorrentes após ovário-histerectomia, com destaque para os procedimentos diagnósticos realizados. Em ambos os casos, a combinação dos sinais clínicos sugestivos e os achados de esofagograma e esofagoscopia foram determinantes. No primeiro caso, devido ao tempo avançado de desenvolvimento dos sinais clínicos, o paciente veio a óbito antes mesmo que a intervenção direta da região de estenose fosse realizada. Já no segundo, o procedimento de gastrostomia para melhor manejo alimentar, associado à dilatação esofágica via esofagoscopia e à terapia com medicamentos antiácidos, resultou em melhora clínica.(AU)


Benign esophageal stricture is a rare affection in small animals, usually secondary to ulcerative esophagitis. Gastroesophageal reflux, frequent during anesthetic procedures, is the main cause of severe esophagitis with consequent formation of esophageal cicatrix. The objective of this work is to describe two cases of esophageal stricture occurring after ovariohysterectomy, highlighting the diagnostic procedures performed. In both cases, the combination of the suggestive clinical signs and findings from an esophagram and an esophagoscopy were determinants. In the first case, due to the advanced stage of the clinical signs, the patient died before direct interventions on the stenosis region were performed. But in the second case, the gastrostomy procedures for better feed management associated with esophageal dilatation by esophagoscopy and therapy with antacids resulted in clinical improvement.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Esophageal Stenosis/veterinary , Esophagitis/complications , Gastroesophageal Reflux/veterinary , Hysterectomy/veterinary , Ovariectomy/veterinary
4.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(3): 597-599, jun. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-846895

ABSTRACT

A torção de cólon em felinos é uma patologia rara. Os principais sinais apresentados são de abdome agudo e podem levar o animal rapidamente a óbito. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar um caso de torção de cólon em um felino. Este é o primeiro relato dessa enfermidade no Brasil. O diagnóstico foi realizado por meio do histórico e de exames de imagem. O animal foi encaminhado para a cirurgia, mas, devido à gravidade e extensão das lesões intestinais, foi realizada a eutanásia.(AU)


Colon torsion in felines is a rare pathology. The main signs presented are of acute abdomen and the condition can quickly lead to death. This paper aims to report a case of twisted colon in a feline. This is the first report of colon torsion in Brazil. The presumptive diagnosis was made through history and imaging. The patient was submitted to surgery, where, due to severity and extent of lesions, euthanasia was performed.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Colon/physiopathology , Torsion Abnormality/veterinary , Radiography, Abdominal/veterinary
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 67(3): 940-944, May-Jun/2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-779233

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils on enterobacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from poultry fecal samples in the cloaca from 49 laying hens. To analyze the antimicrobial sensibility an agar diffusion susceptibility test was performed and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the Minimum Bactericida Concentration (MBC) of Lippia origanoides and Lippia rotundifolia essential oils was determined. The concentrations used were 160, 80 and 40 L/mL. The L. origanoides essential oil showed antimicrobial effect from 40 L/mL dose against both microorganisms, with larger efficiency in E. coli. The L.rotundifolia essential oil was more efficient at the concentration of 160L/mL. Its effect was observed in all microorganisms. These results suggest that L. origanoides oil is more effective than L. rotundifolia oil in inhibiting the growth of microorganism isolated from poultry, although it also has a satisfactory antimicrobial effect. Results indicate the potential use of these plant's essential oils in poultry feed as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial products.


Subject(s)
Animals , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Poultry/microbiology , Lippia/microbiology , Escherichia coli , Oils, Volatile/therapeutic use , Staphylococcus aureus
6.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 66(6): 1787-1794, 12/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-735771

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se com este trabalho descrever as medidas biométricas de cordeiros lactantes da raça Santa Inês criados em condições amazônicas; estabelecer relação entre a idade e as medidas corporais; bem como correlacionar essas medidas biométricas com o peso corporal. Utilizaram-se 75 animais criados em sistema semi-intensivo, submetidos a mensurações do peso corporal (PC), comprimento corporal (CC), altura do anterior (AA) e do posterior (AP), perímetro torácico (PT), largura da garupa (LG) e do peito (LP), comprimento da perna (CP), perímetro da perna (PP) e compacidade corporal (COMPC), ao nascer e aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias de idade. Somente as medidas LG e PP demonstraram regressões com R2 abaixo de 0,70 em relação à idade dos cordeiros. Todas as medidas corporais utilizadas nesta pesquisa, individualmente, demonstraram r positivo com o peso corporal. As variáveis biométricas que melhor compuseram a equação de predição do peso dos cordeiros utilizados neste estudo foram CC, AP, PT, LG e PP. Concluiu-se que a idade de cordeiros pode ser utilizada como preditora do peso e de algumas medidas biométricas corporais e que o peso pode ser estimado por meio de algumas medidas biométricas...


This study aimed to 1) describe the biometric measurements of Santa Inês lambs until weaning, when raised in the Amazonia conditions; 2) establish the relationship between age and body measurements; and 3) correlate these biometric measurements to body weight. 75 animals submitted to semi-intensive breeding were used, and underwent measurements of body weight (BW), body length (BL), height of the forelimb (HF) and hindlimb (HH), thoracic perimeter (TP), width of rump (WR) and chest (WC), length of leg (LL), perimeter of leg (PL) and more body compacity (COMP), at birth and at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of age. As a result, the WR and PL measurements demonstrated regressions with R2 below 0.70 in relation to age of lambs. All biometrical measurements used in this study individually demonstrated positive r with body weight. Biometric variables that compose the equation for predicting weight of lambs used in this study were BL, HH, TP, WR and PL. It was concluded that the age of lambs can be used as a predictor of weight and some body biometric measurements. The weight can also be estimated by some biometric measurements...


Subject(s)
Animals , Biometric Identification/statistics & numerical data , Biometric Identification/methods , Sheep/anatomy & histology , Sheep/growth & development , Biometry/methods , Body Weights and Measures/statistics & numerical data , Body Weights and Measures/veterinary
7.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 43(7): 634-644, July 2010. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-550731

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of the caspase-9-based artificial "death switch" as a safety measure for gene therapy based on the erythropoietin (Epo) hormone was tested in vitro and in vivo using the chemical inducer of dimerization, AP20187. Plasmids encoding the dimeric murine Epo, the tetracycline-controlled transactivator and inducible caspase 9 (ptet-mEpoD, ptet-tTAk and pSH1/Sn-E-Fv’-Fvls-casp9-E, respectively) were used in this study. AP20187 induced apoptosis of iCasp9-modified C2C12 myoblasts. In vivo, two groups of male C57BI/6 mice, 8-12 weeks old, were injected intramuscularly with 5 µg/50 g ptet-mEpoD and 0.5 µg/50 g ptet-tTAk. There were 20 animals in group 1 and 36 animals in group 2. Animals from group 2 were also injected with the 6 µg/50 g iCasp9 plasmid. Seventy percent of the animals showed an increase in hematocrit of more than 65 percent for more than 15 weeks. AP20187 administration significantly reduced hematocrit and plasma Epo levels in 30 percent of the animals belonging to group 2. TUNEL-positive cells were detected in the muscle of at least 50 percent of the animals treated with AP20187. Doxycycline administration was efficient in controlling Epo secretion in both groups. We conclude that inducible caspase 9 did not interfere with gene transfer, gene expression or tetracycline control and may be used as a safety mechanism for gene therapy. However, more studies are necessary to improve the efficacy of this technique, for example, the use of lentivirus vector.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Anemia/therapy , Caspase 9/genetics , Dimerization , Erythropoietin , Gene Expression/genetics , Genetic Therapy/methods , Tacrolimus/analogs & derivatives , Caspase 9/administration & dosage , Erythropoietin , Genetic Vectors/genetics , Hematocrit , Injections, Intramuscular , Lentivirus/genetics , Plasmids/therapeutic use , Tacrolimus/therapeutic use
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